Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/-

Acute Coronary Syndrome in Modern Cardiology: Early Diagnosis, Emergency Management, and Outcome Optimization

  • Diana Clara *

Independent Researcher, Department of Cardiology, United States of America (USA).

*Corresponding Author: Diana Clara

Citation: D Clara, Acute Coronary Syndrome in Modern Cardiology: Early Diagnosis,
Emergency Management, and Outcome Optimization, International Journal of
Cardiology Research and Cardiovascular Diseases, ACP Publishers, 1(1); DOI:
https://www.doi.org/apc/2026/ijcrcd/00004

Copyright : © 2026 Diana Clara, this is an open-access article distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source
are credited.

Received: 12 May 2026 | Accepted: 16 May 2026 | Published: 18 May 2026

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, STEMI, NSTEMI, troponin, ECG, reperfusion therapy, PCI, thrombolysis, emergency cardiology, atherosclerosis.

Dr. Acute Coronary Syndrome in Modern Cardiology: Early Diagnosis, Emergency Management, and Outcome Optimization

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) represents a spectrum of acute cardiovascular emergencies including ST-

elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable

angina. It is primarily caused by sudden reduction or complete blockage of coronary blood flow due to

atherosclerotic plaque rupture and thrombus formation. Despite significant advances in interventional cardiology

and pharmacotherapy, ACS continues to be a leading cause of mortality globally. Early recognition of symptoms,

rapid diagnostic evaluation using ECG and cardiac biomarkers, and timely reperfusion therapy are the most

critical determinants of survival. This review provides an expanded discussion of pathophysiology, clinical

features, diagnostic advancements, emergency treatment strategies, complications, and future perspectives in

ACS management.

Keywords:
Acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, STEMI, NSTEMI, troponin, ECG, reperfusion therapy, PCI, thrombolysis, emergency cardiology, atherosclerosis.

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